American Government

Semester Exam Review

Coverstone


Exam Date: Tuesday, January 14, 2003

Exam Location: Pfeffer Hall

Exam Review: Monday, January 13, 2003, 11:00, Debate Building

CAUTION!!! This review packet is based on a rough draft of this year's semester examination and is intended to serve as a guide for your review. It is not a substitute for review of your notes, essays, homework, and tests from this semester.

I. Textual Commitments

The exam will be drawn from the Lowi and Ginsberg text chapters listed on the syllabus, the text of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, and excerpts from Federalist #10 and #51. You should begin a regular and systematic review of these texts during the next few weeks. As you review, you should list and define key terms from each section paying particular attention to those terms and concepts that also appear in your class notes.

II. Format

A. Government Structures

     1. Multiple Choice Section

Forty questions worth .5 points each. This section is worth 20 points toward your exam grade. The best way to prepare for this section of the test is to study your old tests by covering answers and quizzing yourself.

     2. Brief Identification Section

Twenty important terms worth one point each. This section is worth 20 points toward your exam grade. Key terms and concepts related will appear. You will be asked to identify each according to its significance.

B. State of the Law

In this section you will see three hypothetical scenarios similar to those the student presentations will address. You must choose 2 of the five and resolve the controversy according to the current state of the laws. Responses will be long paragraphs drawing on specific legal precedent and experience. Each paragraph will be graded according to its accuracy as well as the substance and detail of its description of the present state of the law, while also acknowledging specific aspects of the law that are ambiguous and require a reasoned assessment to predict a resolution. The total value of this section is 10 points.

C. Concept Essays

You will be given a list of possible essays that require you to link a basic concept of American Government to one or more of the specific controversies we studied this semester. You must respond to three of these questions. The total value of this section is 15 points.

D. Major Political Analysis Essay

You will be asked to analyze a political controversy by adopting a clear and coherent argument for policy change that accounts thoroughly for the structures of government involved in the suggested change, the societal groups and institutions affected by the change, and the costs and benefits of the necessary public policy. This essay will be selected from a list of three possible topics distributed after the break and is worth 25 points toward your exam grade.

III. Key Terms

Use this list to begin your review. Preparation of these terms will prepare you well for section IB of the exam.

cloture

New Jersey Plan

Anti-Federalists

popular sovereignty

constitutionalism

representative government

judicial review

unconstitutional

implied powers

reserved powers

exclusive powers

concurrent powers

enabling act

act of admission

grants-in-aid program

block grant

interstate compact

full faith and credit

extradition

term

session

special session

apportioned

reapportionment

single-member district

at-large

gerrymandered

continuous body

constituents

oversight function

winner-take-all

keynote address

platform

electorate

media

executive order

treaty

executive agreement

recognition

reprieve

pardon

commutation

amnesty

federal budget

 

limited government

formal amendments

Bill of Rights

Connecticut Compromise

Three-Fifth Compromise

Commerce and Slave Compromise

Federalists

Magna Carta

Petition of Right

English Bill of Rights

charter

bicameral

unicameral

Albany Plan of Union

boycott

constitution

popular sovereignty

ratification

Articles of Confederation

Framers

Virginia Plan

Necessary and Proper Clause

impeach

Speaker of the House

president of the Senate

president pro tempore

floor leader

whip

party caucus

committee chairman

seniority rule

standing committee

select committee

joint committee

conference committee

bill

joint resolution

concurrent resolution

resolution

rider

discharge petition

subcommittee

Committee of the Whole

quorum

filibuster

 

federalism

amendment

informal amendments

executive agreements

division of powers

delegated powers

expressed powers

inherent powers

rule of law

separation of powers

checks and balances

strict constructionist

liberal constructionist

direct tax

commerce power

legal tender

copyright

patent

chief of party

chief citizen

presidential succession

presidential elector

presidential primary

cabinet

jurisdiction

exclusive jurisdiction

concurrent jurisdiction

plaintiff

defendant

original jurisdiction

appellate jurisdiction

writ of certiorari

majority opinion

concurring opinion

dissenting opinion

redress

veto

pocket veto

chief of state

chief executive

chief administrator

chief diplomat

commander in chief

chief legislator

 

IV. Concept Essay Topics

Three of the following essay questions will appear in section III of the exam. Each one is worth 5 points.

     1. The United States system is structured on a particular form of the principle of federalism. Illustrate and describe that principle by detailing its impact on one of the following:

          capital punishment

          abortion

          school desegregation

2. The founders held differing views on disestablishment. Identify two different views and illustrate how each view would have produced different outcomes in the Mississippi school prayer case.

3. Some have argued that the Supreme Court's "hate speech" decisions have protected women while excluding African-Americans from protection against hate-filled expressions. What is the basis of this claim, and how accurate is it?

4. The process by which a bill becomes a law is stacked against public policy reform. Evaluate this statement as it applies to recent efforts to reform federal campaign finance laws.

5. The relationship between public opinion and government action is an important one in a democracy. What does the history of gun control legislation reveal about that relationship in America?

V. Major Policy Essay Topic

One from the following list of topics will appear on the semester examination. You must be prepared to identify the structures of government, legal principles, and public interest groups that would support and resist the policy reform you support and to explain the costs and benefits of the solution you advance. This essay should be outlined before the exam and supported with numerous specific arguments and details.

1. You are the chief advisor to the newly elected president. At your first meeting, the president-elect orders you to develop the administration's new policy on abortion. During the campaign, the candidate said he was against abortion, but did not offer specific details of his policy. Now you are charged with crafting a policy that satisfies your most loyal supporters without sacrificing your administration's ability to work effectively with Congress and members of the opposition party. What proposal will you endorse?

2. You are the chief advisor to the newly elected president. At your first meeting, the president-elect orders you to develop the administration's new policy on gun control. During the campaign, the candidate said he was against gun violence in schools, but did not offer specific details of his policy. Now you are charged with crafting a policy that satisfies your most loyal supporters without sacrificing your administration's ability to work effectively with Congress and members of the opposition party. What proposal will you endorse?

3. You are the chief advisor to the newly elected president. At your first meeting, the president-elect orders you to develop the administration's new policy on affirmative action. During the campaign, the candidate said he was against quotas, but did not offer specific details of his policy. Now you are charged with crafting a policy that satisfies your most loyal supporters without sacrificing your administration's ability to work effectively with Congress and members of the opposition party. What proposal will you endorse?